Inalienable rights

The idea is that people have rights that law, custom, and belief can’t deny, seems moot when law, custom, or belief can prevent people from exercising any right, along with cruel parents, unprincipled employers, wicked landlords, thieves, and robbers. Can a slave’s right to freedom persist in spite of enslavement? Does a victim of torture or extreme negligence retain a right to be free from suffering? Can a right exist without remedy for injustice, or merely motivate the remedy? Can’t taxes and interests on a property exceed its value? Can’t legal fines and liens exceed a person’s ability to pay?